Paints

Old Holland Classic Oil colours
Oil paint has a special place at Old Holland. It is the first product we manufactured.Since the early days of oils, artists have made high demands regarding the durability of their work. In order to meet these demands for optimum durability, Old Holland still produces all its classic oil paints according to traditional formulas (the durability of which has been demonstrated over the course of time), supplemented by the latest contemporary insights. The choice of pigments is a unique mix of the best traditional colours and the best pigments derived from the latest technological developments. In 1985, following extensive research, Old Holland presented a revolutionary range of 168 oil paints, each with the highest degree of lightfastness. Traditional, non-lightfast pigments were replaced with modern lightfast pigments with the same colour characteristics as the traditional ones. Thanks to the highest possible concentration of pigment in each colour, the paint has an unprecedented colour strength. Within the unique range of 168 colours, there is a wide range of opaque and transparent colours, each with the highest possible brilliance (intense) and clarity (clean) characteristics. The only medium we use for our oil paints is cold-pressed extra virgin linseed oil, to obtain an optimum oxidisation (drying) of the paint. This increases durability and brushstroke spread. Together, these characteristics result in an oil paint of unequalled quality. Each tube of Old Holland oil paint has a colour strip above the label, painted with the colour from the tube in question. We are convinced that this is the only honest method to show the colour in the tube. Old Holland is one of the only company that still uses this method.
Content: 0.04 Liter (€243.75 / 1 Liter)

Vallejo Acrylic Studio
Product information "Vallejo Acrylic Studio"A limited range of quality acrylic paints for artists, meeting the highest standards for art paints and ideal for working in the studio, on large formats, murals and installations. Acrylic Studio contains the same resin as Acrylic Artist Color and many of the same pigments; the pigments for this range have been selected for their resistance, purity and color intensity, always with the aim of offering an excellent product at a moderate and consistent price. Acrylic Studio paints do not contain any fillers, so the colors have great strength and chromatic purity. They are opaque or transparent, depending on the type of pigment, and dry to a semi-matt finish. The 26 colors do not contain toxic pigments or heavy metal derivatives and do not generate waste products that could pollute the environment. The name and color index number of the pigments are indicated on the labels and in the color chart, allowing the artist to study mixtures and develop their own colors with complete control. The thick consistency of Acrylic Studio allows all techniques, allows the artist to mix the colors with all mediums and foreign materials and can also be easily diluted with water for more transparent applications. In the range we offer Medium Primal and Studio Gesso; Acrylic Studio is fully compatible with our auxiliary products and with Acrylic Artist Color as well as with all other high-quality acrylic paints for artists.
Content: 0.2 Liter (€32.45 / 1 Liter)

R&F Pigment Sticks
Product information "R&F Pigment Sticks" Pigment Sticks® R&F Pigment Sticks are our unique version of an oil stick that will transform the way you paint. Richly pigmented, they have a lipstick-soft consistency that gives them the same fluidity, subtlety and durability as traditional oil paints. They have just enough natural wax added to maintain a solid stick shape. Pigment Sticks allow you to forego the brush and work more directly on your surface. Their immediacy and ability to make marks offers an endless range of options.
Content: 0.038 Liter (€499.74 / 1 Liter)

Lascaux Gouache
Product information "Lascaux Gouache" Lascaux Gouache is an acrylic-modified tempera paint with great luminosity and high concentration - for art, design and teaching. Lascaux Gouache is highly opaque, extremely lightfast, color-deep and bright. This tempera paint is very thick and can be diluted as desired for use - it retains its color intensity and luminosity even when heavily diluted. All colors dry water-soluble and can be dissolved again with a delay. Lascaux Gouache adheres to almost all absorbent surfaces and has excellent paintability; no color mixing when applied in multiple layers. This color range consists of 34 continuously consistent colors, including silver and gold. Properties viscous and very economical (dilution with water recommended) bright, with high coverage constant velvety matt very good mixability delayed dissolving after drying no color mixing when painting over lightfast, age-resistant and non-yellowing adheres to almost all absorbent surfaces optimally coordinated and guaranteed constant color spectrum Application art and design art education and painting therapy painting lessons also very suitable for screen printing product information as PDF color chart and information about Lascaux Gouache
Content: 0.085 Liter (€108.24 / 1 Liter)

Sennelier Egg Tempera 21 ml
EGG TEMPERA Egg tempera is a semi opaque water soluble and permanent painting medium wonderful for fine art painting, restoration and icon painting. It is perfect for oil painters who need a highly pigmented, fine art color alternative to oil painting and its solvents. Its archival characteristics are excellent and do not age or yellow like oil paints, as evidenced by lasting luminosity and beauty of Renaissance paintings. Sennelier uses the same premium quality pigments in this line of egg tempera as they do in their oil paints, assuring the same unequaled vibrancy and brilliance as in the Sennelier oils. It is bound with an centuries old egg emulsion recipe, giving a satin-matt finish that is water resistant when dry. Sennelier egg tempera have working qualities and a finish that are only found in authentic egg tempera made in this traditional manner. These delicate colours hold their brush strokes, and do not change when dry. They can be worked with a brush or a palette knife (diluted with water) on non-greasy supports like acrylic primed canvas or paper. Preliminary sketches can be drawn on canvases, followed by oil paints. Pronounced impasto techniques are not recommended for egg tempera. Varnished egg tempera paintings look like oil paintings when varnished. It is recommended to give a finished egg tempera painting a coating of charcoal or pastel fixative before applying a final oil paint picture varnish.
Content: 0.021 Liter (€422.86 / 1 Liter)

Sennelier Extra Fine Gouache 21 ml
GOUACHE : EXEPTIONAL COLOURING POWER Wonderful for fine art painting. This range of colours is manufactured using Sennelier artists' quality pigments and superior quality natural gums. The unctuous consistency of these colours enables the creation of regular backgrounds. These Artists' quality Gouaches have exceptional colouring power and give deep and opaque brush strokes. These colours are mixable with each other and are highly colourfast (with the exception of a few clearly mentioned tones, necessary for illustration work). Sennelier Gouaches can be applied with a brush, air-brush or quill, on most types of thick paper and card. Water-soluble, they can be mixed with watercolours and inks in order to obtain other combinations of opacity or transparency. Sennelier Egg Tempera is an authentic formulation of classic egg tempera as used by artists since the Renaissance. In fact, before the rise of oil painting, egg tempera was the predominant painting medium in the 16th century. Much of the religious panel painting done between the 12th and the 15th century was done in this delicate and subtle medium, which is capable of detailed and complex effects. The Sennelier egg tempera is famous as the medium used by Marc Chagall in many of his most spectacular works.
Content: 0.021 Liter (€304.76 / 1 Liter)

Sennelier lAquarelle Aquarellfarben
HONEY-BASED WATERCOLOUR The roots of Sennelier watercolors are to be found in the Impressionist school. At that time, painters drew their inspiration from nature and set out to reproduce natural light. Watercolor technique offered spontaneity, lightness of touch, fluidity and transparency allowing a quick translation of a particular light, vibration or shape. Paul Cézanne, for instance, produced forty or so watercolors of the Mont Sainte Victoire in Provence. Earlier on in England and on the Normandy coast in France, William Turner had turned painting in watercolors as an art form in its own right and had even managed to produce genuine masterpieces. Since then watercolors have become an established part of the history of painting. Artists love them because of their radiance and their spontaneity. It is such a pleasure when the painter plays with the light of the paper and the brightness of fleeting, intense pigments as they glisten, come together and swirl around under his brush producing a whole host of different effects. A watercolor tailored to the needs of today's artists. We spent a long time working with many different artists to produce L'Aquarelle Sennelier. We consulted watercolorists from all over the world. A panel of professional painters carried out "blind" tests on a number of formulations. They clearly revealed what they were looking for: a watercolor which is luminous, brilliant and intense. L'Aquarelle Sennelier fulfils their every wish. A honey-based watercolor. Honey has many virtues: a symbol of light and sun, an emblem of poetry and science and has been used since Ancient times as a remedy for dry skin and to help heal wounds. This nectar is used in L'Aquarelle Sennelier not only as a preservative but as an additive giving incomparable brilliance and smoothness to the paint. Always striving for excellence, Sennelier has reworked its watercolor formula with increasing the amount of Honey in the paint to reinforce the longevity of the colors, their radiance and luminosity. Watercolors Made in France using traditional methods. L'Aquarelle Sennelier has been produced in the same way for more than a century using the best pigments and top quality Kordofan Gum Arabic as a bonding agent. This mix of natural ingredients produces colours which have a smooth, bright texture and offer lively, colourful shades. The Gum Arabic and honey combination offers incomparable quality of application, producing superb washes. Then, this base is mixed with pigments and carefully ground. Sennelier makes sure to wet the pigments in purified water (with no mineral salts) for 24 hours before mixing them in with the bonding agent. This improves the way in which the colours and bonding merge together, in turn bringing out the full beauty of the colours. Sennelier watercolors are ground in the traditional way using grindstones rotating slowly so as not to heat up the paste. This operation is carried out in several stages until the paste are as fine as possible thus getting rid of any particles which might impair the perfection of the wash. This exceptional and very high quality watercolor will help you make your works even more powerful due to the liveliness and purity of the hues. The colours mix together perfectly, offering superbly subtle shades. These smooth, intense colours will be a genuine pleasure to paint with. The addition of honey will allow the tubes and pans of Sennelier watercolors to stand up to the passing of time and each time you will paint with them you will be able to accurately translate the diversity of light shape and hues.
Sennelier oil sticks 96 ml
Product information "Sennelier oil sticks 96 ml" The solid form of the oil paints, the "oil stick", allows a completely new technique and painting style. It increases the artist's spontaneity and allows him to freely use color and form, expressionism. An oil paint converted into pencils. Part of the oil has been replaced by neutral mineral wax, which gives the stick a creamy consistency. These colors are of extra-fine quality: the pure pigments are ground with carefully selected, hardly yellowing plant oils (siccatives). The selection and the high proportion of pigments offer excellent lightfastness. These oil sticks can be used directly on all traditional painting surfaces suitable for oil paints, but require good preparation of the surface.Painting surface: linen, cotton, painting cardboard, primed boards, oil painting paper. Apply the solid oil paint in thin layers (max. 1 mm). It can be applied in layers just like oil paint in paste and, if necessary, diluted with turpentine or petroleum oil. Before use, the skin must be removed, which always forms again if the oil pen is not used for a few days. The paint dries within 2 to 4 days, depending on the thickness of the application and weather conditions. There is a colorless medium to achieve transparent and glossy effects. The extra-fine, solid oil pens are available in both opaque and translucent shades, depending on the pigment properties. This product is time-resistant and does not require any special measures; only storage near a radiator should be avoided. Surface protection as with traditional oil paints after 6 months with a final varnish.
Content: 0.096 Liter (€175.00 / 1 Liter)

Jacquard Pinata Alcohol Ink 15ml
Piñata Alcohol Ink Piñata Colors are highly saturated, fast-drying alcohol inks for any hard surface, including glass, metal, plastic, ceramic, stone, leather, resin, YUPO, polymer clay and more. Indelible and impervious to water, Piñata Colors clean up with alcohol and re-wet themselves, allowing for unique effects and techniques not easily achieved with water-based inks. As a dye-based, highly transparent ink*, Piñata Colors are unparalleled for vibrancy. Only the most lightfast dyes have been selected for the palette. Acid-free with excellent adhesive properties, Piñata Colors are the go-to inks for all non-porous surfaces. TECHNIQUESfine arts, scrapbooking, crafts, faux stained glass, card making, resin arts, faux finishing techniques and staining wood and leather SURFACESglass, metal, plastic, vinyl, ceramic, stone, leather, epoxy resins, YUPO®, foil, wood, encaustic, clayboard, fiberglass, acrylic, polymer clay and more
Content: 0.015 Liter (€266.00 / 1 Liter)

Holbein Artist Fluid Acrylic 35ml
Product information "Holbein Artist Fluid Acrylic 35ml" Holbein Artist Fluid AcrylicHolbein Fluid Artist Acrylic offers excellent colour strength, durability, adhesion, flexibility and contains no fillers or extenders. They are unlikely to crack/crease or foam when applied with a brush, dripped, poured or sprayed. Holbein Liquid Acrylic is easily thinned to achieve watercolour-like effects and applications and blends seamlessly with all acrylic mediums including gels, pastes and gesso.
Content: 0.035 Liter (€287.14 / 1 Liter)
R&F Drawing Oil Sticks 12ml
Drawing inspiration from R&F’s Pigment Sticks®, R&F DRAWING OILS™ offer a smooth & portable drawing experience with a harder formulation (less oil, more wax). Unlike oil pastels, crayons, or chalk, R&F DRAWING OILS will dry to form a permanent, protective oil film. No need for fixative. The size, shape, and formulation (less oil, more wax) make R&F DRAWING OILS™ ideal for play and practice, pairing well with your favorite sketchbooks, stretched canvas and panels. For finished artwork requiring archival stability, we recommend preparing your surface with gesso.Thank you for choosing R&F. KEEP DRAWING R&F Drawing Oils. Less Oil. More Wax.
Content: 0.012 Liter (€582.50 / 1 Liter)

Sennelier Ei-Tempera 34 ml Tuben
Product information "Sennelier Egg Tempera 34 ml tubes" EGG TEMPERA Developed by Gustave Sennelier in 1895, tempera is an emulsion made from natural products. It is based on the recipes of the masters of the 16th century. It is composed of egg yolk, non-yellowing pure vegetable oil, gum arabic, natural balsam as a binding agent and selected pigments (mainly mineral pigments). These colors are crushed in the traditional way with millstones to remain true to tradition. The traditional recipe gives the tones an exceptional freshness and strong luminosity. It is a range of 32 tones with the highest lightfastness, which includes all the nuances necessary for the balance of the color palette.It is easy to use. The tempera colors are diluted with water, dry quickly and produce a matt, silky film. They are usually applied as thin, concealable glazes, but it is also possible to paint in layers, incorporating the effects of light and shadow. The supple consistency of tempera gives a fluid brushstroke. Although thinly applied tempera makes it easier to paint over, its covering power is remarkable. Tempera paints are used on canvas, wood, cardboard... and on any support that has been properly prepared with an oil-free primer.It is possible to continue working on a tempera painting with oil paint. After a drying period of a few months, the work can be varnished: either with gouache varnish to keep it in its original state, or with an oil paint varnish if you want to give the tempera the appearance of oil paint.
Content: 0.034 Liter (€387.94 / 1 Liter)

ARA Artists Acrylfarben
Produktinformationen "ARA Artists Acrylfarben" The colour palette of Ara has grown to 97 colours (see colour chart). In addition to the more standard colours we also have gold, pearl and neon colours. With our palette we support infinite creative possibilities and colour variations. Special colours Besides the 68 standard colours, the range of Ara consists of: 21 metallic colours among which: 3 pearl colours (pearl green, pearl blue and pearl lilac) 7 iridescent colours (silver, gold, dark gold, bronze, dark bronze, reddish bronze, red bronze) 6 neon colours Carborundum: dark gray paint, which feels like fine sandpaper after drying. For example suitable to work on with pastels. Graphite: dark gray paint with a special shine. The pigment used in it is graphite powder.
Content: 0.25 Liter (€56.80 / 1 Liter)

Pentart Acrylfarbe Metallic/Pearl 50ml
Product information "Pentart Acrylic Paint Metallic/Pearl 50ml" Pentart Acrylic Paint Metallic/Pearl Water-based, highly opaque acrylic paint with a high pigment content, with a matt, glossy or metallic effect. Dries to a water-resistant finish.
Content: 0.05 Liter (€69.80 / 1 Liter)

HONSELL JAXON Oilpastels
A colorful and balanced range of 74 colors in excellent quality and lightfastness, pigmentation and luminosity - easy to use, very economical in consumption. JAXON® oil pastels are suitable for artists, amateur painters as well as for art education in kindergarten, preschool and art classes. JAXON® can be used "dry" or "wet" diluted with turpentine oil. The brilliant colors adhere to almost any painting surface: paper, cardboard, canvas, wood, etc. JAXON® oil pastels do not contain any harmful substances or phthalates and are harmless to health.The JAXON oil pastels based on linseed oil are of excellent quality and lightfastness and are versatile. Whether at school or at home, they are suitable for almost any painting surface such as paper, canvas or wood and can be used both wet (diluted with turpentine oil) and dry without any problems. The 84 colors are bright and also very economical. JAXON oil pastels are completely harmless to health and, due to their composition, which does not contain any harmful substances or phthalates, can be used by professional artists and amateur painters as well as by children.

Permaset AQUA screen print ink
PERMASET AQUA®- a water-based, environmentally friendly and solvent-free screen printing ink for natural and synthetic textiles - a revolution among screen printing colors. Selected pigments provide an intense, luminous opaque color. Thanks to a novel polymer that binds the pigment to the fabric, it provides an exceptionally soft feel while being particularly wash and abrasion resistant and even suitable for dry cleaning. The ink colours have a light fastness of at least 6/8 on the blue wool scale - most colours even received an 8/8 rating.Can also be used on paper, linoleum, wood, model printing and other non-porous surfaces.Available in normal opaque / transparent (Permaset Aqua) and opaque / high opaque (Permaset Aqua SuperCover) with particularly good opacity on dark substrates, four metallic effect colours and eight luminous colours and as screen printing paste.Permaset Permatone has received Soil Association approval in the UK after successfully meeting the requirements of the Global Organic Textiles Standards (GOTS) for inorganic chemical raw materials for use in organic textile processing.Registration certificate of the soil association: https://www.permaset.com.au/why-water-based-inks/permaset-aqua/Specialty products: PHOSPHORESCENT GREEN: Enables a "Luminance in the Dark" effect. PERMA PUFF: Heat activated 3D effect. Can be used with standard colours or with pigment concentrates The Permaset Foil FX series: consists of 4 glossy metallic colours (silver, gold, copper and blue) most effective on dark backgrounds, but also on white or light backgrounds interesting visual effects can be achieved Due to the large grain size, a "normal" 43T (110 tpi) network cannot be used. A more wide-meshed net such as 20 or 22T (50-55 tpi) is required. Due to the grain size, abrasion resistance and washfastness are not given White tones: STANDARD WHITE particularly opaque due to high titanium dioxide content, but slightly less soft to the touch. SUPERCOVER WHITE is an opaque opaque white. It has the highest content of titanium dioxide pigments and binders for use on dark pigments. Excellent opacity in a water-based ink FIRST DOWN WHITE is used by professional printers as a base for printing on dark fabrics to obtain brilliant colors with a soft feel.
Content: 0.3 Liter (€40.67 / 1 Liter)

Kama Pigments Aqua Dispersion Pigments
AQUA-DISPERSIONS are finely ground pigments suspended in water that allow you to prepare any kinds of water-based paints. Aqua-dispersions are liquid pigment concentrates in water which can produce 2 to 10 times their volume in paint.To use them, simply mix the dispersion in the chosen binder and you’re done. Our AQUA-DISPERSIONS contain no binders, extenders, adulterants or mixtures that could alter or control their performance, color strength or interchangeability. This feature allows the artist to practice several techniques: acrylic to watercolor, gouache, tempera whew, faux finishes or any other water-based media without having to buy all these paints. All of the above translates into tremendous savings for the artist or student who enjoys working in different disciplines and wants the quality of materials that reflect dedication at the highest level. The pigments that make our paints vibrant and long lasting are the primary tool of painters and artists and we believe that our product should be included in all studios.
Content: 0.06 Liter (€228.33 / 1 Liter)

Holbein Artist Fluid Acrylic 100ml
Product information "Holbein Artist Fluid Acrylic 100ml" Holbein Artist Fluid Acrylic 100ml Holbein Fluid Artist Acrylic offers excellent colour strength, durability, adhesion, flexibility and contains no fillers or extenders. They are unlikely to crack/crease or foam when applied with a brush, dripped, poured or sprayed.Holbein Liquid Acrylic is easily thinned to achieve watercolour-like effects and applications and blends seamlessly with all acrylic mediums including gels, pastes and gesso.
Content: 0.1 Liter (€142.60 / 1 Liter)

Vallejo Mecha Color 17ml
Mecha Color, a range of acrylic airbrush colors, has been designed especially for painting Robots, Gundam, Transformer and action figures. The innovative formulation of the colors, although water-based, guarantees a maxi-mum resistance to manipulation, impacts, friction, scratches and overall extreme wear. Once dry, the color appears the same as the injected plastic color, respecting all the kit’s surface details. The colors of the range have been carefully selected to provide the modeler with the shades most frequently used for painting all kinds of Mecha figures. The colors can be mixed with one another and diluted with Airbrush Thinner or Flow Improver. The range includes a series of metallic and fluorescent colors, weathering effects and auxiliary products such as primers, thinners, chipping Medium and varnishes. Safety/Toxicity: Mecha Color has the following international safety certificate ASTM D-4236. This independent certification guarante that no harmful substances are used which could pose a risk to the health of both the user and the environment. Surfaces: Mecha Colors have exceptional adherence on all surfaces, and has been tested on resin, plastics, steel and white metal The colors can be used directly, without the need for a primer. In case of a dark surface, a first application of primer will increase the luminosity of the finish. How to use: Shake well before using. Pour the paint directly into the airbrush, either undiluted or previously diluted with Thinner. The colors are self-leveling, dry rapidly, and permit immediate application of weathering effects; 24 hours after application maximum resistance is achieved. Mecha Color can also be applied with a brush to highlight small details.
Content: 0.017 Liter (€117.06 / 1 Liter)

Golden Open Acryl 59ml
OPEN OPEN Acrylics are a slow-drying paint with a slightly softer consistency than our Heavy Body paints. The increased working time of these colors expands their range to include more traditional techniques once only possible with oils. Thick applications can dry extremely slowly, so we recommend artists only use OPEN Colors thinly (< 1 mm). Drying time can also be accelerated by mixing OPEN with faster-drying acrylics like our Fluid and Heavy Body colors. The slow-drying capability of OPEN Acrylics also makes the suitable for some printmaking techniques. Because OPEN Acrylics dry slowly, painters who cover their palettes or use sealed containers have been able to use the same colors for weeks, reducing the amount of paint wasted and preserving color mixtures for future use. Click here for detailed product information, click here for pigment information and download the Safety Data Sheet for health and safety information
Content: 0.059 Liter (€211.86 / 1 Liter)


Jacquard Basic Dye 14g
Basic DyeThe perfect solution for hard-to-dye materials. Developed for acrylic fibers (e.g. faux fur, wigs and inexpensive yarn), these dyes are also the go-to for wood, reeds, straw, paper, leather and hemp! Use them for potpourri, dolls, buttons and furniture, or add to Piñata Claro Extender for custom alcohol ink colors.An essential tool for cosplay artists!Basic Dyes are exceptionally easy to use. The process is so simple that commercial dyers often use them to color fibers such as silk and wool; however, they tend to have poor light- and washfastness on fabric, so Basic Dyes are generally only used by home fabric dyers when other dyes are not an option. As a class, Basic Dyes offer some of the most vibrant and intense colors available for any fiber, and are frequently used when maximum color intensity is desired.Dip-dye or brush on!FABRIC/FIBER/SURFACESacrylic fibers, wood, reeds, straw, hemp, paper and leather
Content: 0.015 Liter (€353.33 / 1 Liter)

Schmincke Aero Color Professional Airbrush
Product information "Schmincke Aero Color Professional Airbrush" • 36 brilliant colors including achromatic tones, as well as 12 highly opaque colors TOTAL COVER • 24 extraordinary effect colors with unique color effects (AERO SHINE, AERO PEARL, AERO METALLIC and AERO VISION) • Airbrush colors also suitable as "Acrylic Ink" - liquid acrylic paint, for many mixing techniques, brushes, drawing pens, LINER • Unique highly opaque SUPRA white, opaque • 3 BASIC colors for perfect mixing results: BASIC yellow, BASIC magenta and BASIC cyan • Highest lightfastness (4 - 5 stars) • Excellent adhesion properties on many surfaces • Silk matt and water-resistant drying • Comprehensive range of tools with products from priming to final treatment • 6 AERO COLOR ® Professional LINER - empty pens for filling with the 36 colors and the 12 colors TOTAL COVER of the AERO COLOR ® Professional ) in different line widths • 3 water-based top coats: Resistant, scratch-resistant and ready for use with the airbrush gun
Content: 0.028 Liter (€267.50 / 1 Liter)

Permaset PERMAPLASTIK Scenic Paint
Product information "Permaset PERMAPLASTIK Scenic Paint" Permaset PERMAPLASTIK® Scenic Paint is a flat, non-reflective, 100% acrylic, water-based paint specifically designed for use in a wide range of architectural, scenic and decorative applications. PERMAPLASTIK® is ideal for decorating TV, film, theatre and photo sets, displays and exhibition facilities, signage, interior and exterior murals, posters and architectural decoration. It is also used by fine artists to paint artwork on canvas.
Content: 0.3 Liter (€43.73 / 1 Liter)
